Global synthesis reveals strong multifaceted effects of eucalypts on soils

Abstract Aim Eucalypts have a widespread global distribution owing to their popularity for agroforestry and as environmental plantings. Despite an abundance of site‐specific evidence that eucalypts modify soils soil processes, we lack quantitative synthesis overall effects at the scale. This limits our capacity assess likely impacts future introductions in any given region world. Location Global. Time period 1986–2021. Major taxa studied Eucalyptus , Angophora Corymbia . Methods We used systematic search derive database empirical data from 227 studies across 33 countries ( n effect size = 2,806) tested three predictions about on properties whether these varied with plantation age depth. Results Compared (non‐eucalypt) native vegetation, significantly reduced moisture, microbial abundance, nitrogen, cations anions. Relative reductions microbes ions were stronger older eucalypt plantations. A comparison silvicultural agropastoral systems revealed similar most properties, although tended reduce potassium enhance carbon greater extent than other managed systems. found no consistent pH. Main conclusions Our study provides first extensive meta‐analysis processes demonstrates are highly dependent community which they compared (i.e., natural or managed). In general, findings reinforce widely held belief deplete nutrients dominate water resources. Understanding how affect allows us suitability agroforestry, rehabilitation enhancement, while considering potential costs.